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suppose与supposing表示假设 深度解析suppose的假设与推测用

下面内容是动词 suppose 的主要用法划重点,结合多个权威来源整理而成:

一、表示“认为;猜想”(主观推测)

1. 接宾语从句(that 可省略):

  • I suppose (that) she will arrive soon. (我认为她快到了。)
  • 否定转移:当主句主语为第一人称时,否定常转移至主句:
  • > I don’t suppose he is lying. (= I believe he is not lying.)

    2. 接复合宾语

  • suppose + sb/sth + (to be) + 名词/形容词
  • > Everyone supposed him (to be) honest. (大家曾认为他是诚恳的。)

  • suppose + sb/sth + to do/have done(表动作已完成):
  • > They supposed him to have left. (他们推测他已离开。)

    3. 用于疑问句(疑问词 + do you suppose + 陈述语序):

    > Where do you suppose he went (你认为他去哪儿了)

    二、表示“假定;假设”(虚拟或想象)

    1. 引导假设条件(= if,可用 supposing 替代):

  • 现在时表可能情况:
  • > Suppose it rains, what shall we do (假如下雨怎么办)

  • 过去时表更不确定/虚拟:
  • > Supposing you won the lottery, what would you do (假如你中了会怎么做)

    2. 用于祈使句提出建议(≈ let’s):

    > Suppose we start early tomorrow (我们明天早点出发怎样)

    三、固定结构 be supposed to

    1. 表义务或期望(≈ should):

    > You are supposed to submit the report by Friday. (你应该周五前交报告。)

    2. 表普遍看法(“被认为/据说”):

    > This restaurant is supposed to be the best here. (据说这是本地最好的餐厅。)

    3. 否定形式表禁止

    > You’re not supposed to smoke here. (此地禁止吸烟。)

    4. 表“本应做却未做”(+ have done):

    > The train was supposed to have arrived at 9. (火车本应9点到。)

    四、其他要点

    1. 简略回答

  • 肯定:A: Will she come B: I suppose so.
  • 否定:A: Is it true B: I suppose not. / I don’t suppose so.
  • 2. 与 assume 的区别

  • suppose:基于有限证据的猜想或虚构假设(更主观)。
  • assume:基于一定事实的预设(更客观),少用于虚拟:
  • > Suppose your mother fell ill—what would you do ()

    > Assume your mother fell ill—what would you do ()

    拓展资料核心用法

    | 场景 | 结构示例 | 例句 |

    | 主观推测 | suppose + (that) 从句 | I suppose he’s busy. |

    | 虚拟假设 | Suppose/Supposing + 条件句 | Supposing it snowed, would we cancel |

    | 建议 | Suppose we + 动词原形… | Suppose we try again |

    | 义务/预期 | be supposed to + 动词原形 | We are supposed to wait. |

    | 禁止 | be not supposed to + 动词原形 | Visitors are not supposed to feed animals. |

    > 提示:口语中常用 I suppose 缓和语气(如:I suppose you’re right.),或反问表惊讶(What’s that supposed to mean)。


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